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Ephesus
A visit to Ephesus - once the
commercial centre of the ancient world - is a highlight of any visit to
Turkey . The city, whose wealth and patronage supported its splendid
architectural program, was dedicated to the goddess Artemis. Her enormous
temple, once considered one of the seven wonders of the Ancient World and
rebuilt several times, dates in its latest form from the third century
B.C.
The ruins also include a theatre, gymnasium, agora and baths,
as well as the Library of Celsus. It is recorded that St. John brought the
Virgin Mary to Ephesus after the death of Jesus Christ and that she spent
her last days in a small house built for her on Bulbuldagi ( Mt. Koressos
). Now a popular place of pilgrimage for Christians and Muslims the house
has received the official sanction of the Vatican and Christians observe a
commemoration ceremony every year on August 15th.
There are many important ancient sites, Ephesus is the most
popular ancient site around. Many acres of carefully excavated ruins
present an unique recreation of the ancient splendor. These ruins require
at least a full day for observation. With its excellent location Ephesus
had become the most important city of Asia Minor throughout several
civilizations.
Nearby, is the site of St. John's Basilica and the reputed
last home of the Virgin Mary who was said to have spent the last years of
her life in Ephesus area.
Southeast of Bulbul Dag (Mount Nightingale), 7 km from
ancient city Ephesus, on Ala Dag (Mount Solmissos), is a building known as
the House of the Virgin Mary, where people from various countries and many
different religions gather together, there is the place in which the
Virgin is said to have lived and died. The building, the foundations of
which date from the 1 st c. A.D., was restored in Byzantine times but
thereafter was abandoned and fell into disrepair.
Its association with the Virgin dates only from the 19th c.,
following the visions of a German nun, Katarina Emmerich (1774 - 1824),
who gave an exact description of the situation and appearance of a house
at Ephesus in which the Virgin had lived and died. In 1891, on the basis
of her account, Lazarists from Smyrna (Izmir). discovered on the south
side of Bülbül Dag the ruins of a small church which had evidently
belonged to a monastery, and this is now revered as the Virgin's house.
The pilgrimages which began after the finding of the house
continued on an increased scale after the Second World War, and the Feast
of the Assumption (15 August) is celebrated here with particular ceremony.
In the year 1961, the statements by Pope John the 23rd, in 1967 the visit
made by Pope Paul the 6th, and in 1979. After these important visits
Virgin Mary's home was accepted as that of being holy. And each year is
visiting by more than one million Christian and Tourists.
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